Corynebacterium

Corynebacterium, Gram-pozitif ve aerobik bir bakteri cinsi. Bunlar basildir (çubuk şeklinde) ve yaşamın bazı evrelerinde, cins ismine ilham veren sopa şeklindeler (coryneform "sopa şeklindeki" anlamına gelir).

Corynebacterium
Corynebacterium ulcerans
Bilimsel sınıflandırma
Âlem: Bakteri Şube: Actinobacteria Sınıf: Actinobacteria Takım: Actinomycetales Familya: Micrococcaceae Cins: Corynebacterium Lehmann and Neumann 1896 emend. Nouioui et al. 2018 Tür: Corynebacterium accolens Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum Corynebacterium afermentans Corynebacterium alkanolyticum Corynebacterium ammoniagenes Corynebacterium amycolatum Corynebacterium appendicis Corynebacterium aquatimens Corynebacterium aquilae Corynebacterium argentoratense Corynebacterium atrinae Corynebacterium atypicum Corynebacterium aurimucosum Corynebacterium auris Corynebacterium auriscanis Corynebacterium bouchesdurhonense Corynebacterium bovis Corynebacterium callunae Corynebacterium camporealensis Corynebacterium canis Corynebacterium capitovis Corynebacterium casei Corynebacterium caspium Corynebacterium cervicis Corynebacterium choanis Corynebacterium ciconiae Corynebacterium confusum Corynebacterium coyleae Corynebacterium crenatum Corynebacterium crudilactis Corynebacterium cyclohexanicum Corynebacterium cystitidis Corynebacterium defluvii Corynebacterium deserti Corynebacterium diphtheriae Corynebacterium doosanense Corynebacterium durum Corynebacterium efficiens Corynebacterium epidermidicanis Corynebacterium faecale Corynebacterium falsenii Corynebacterium fastidiosum Corynebacterium felinum Corynebacterium flavescens Corynebacterium fournierii Corynebacterium frankenforstense Corynebacterium freiburgense Corynebacterium freneyi Corynebacterium genitalium Corynebacterium geronticis Corynebacterium glaucum Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum Corynebacterium glutamicum Corynebacterium glyciniphilum Corynebacterium godavarianum Corynebacterium gottingense Corynebacterium guangdongense Corynebacterium hadale Corynebacterium halotolerans Corynebacterium hansenii Corynebacterium heidelbergense Corynebacterium humireducens Corynebacterium ihumii Corynebacterium imitans Corynebacterium jeddahense Corynebacterium jeikeium Corynebacterium kefirresidentii Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii Corynebacterium kutscheri Corynebacterium lactis Corynebacterium lipophiloflavum Corynebacterium lowii Corynebacterium lubricantis Corynebacterium macginleyi Corynebacterium marinum Corynebacterium maris Corynebacterium massiliense Corynebacterium mastitidis Corynebacterium matruchotii Corynebacterium melassecola Corynebacterium minutissimum Corynebacterium mucifaciens Corynebacterium mustelae Corynebacterium mycetoides Corynebacterium nasicanis Corynebacterium nephridii Corynebacterium nuruki Corynebacterium oculi Corynebacterium otitidis Corynebacterium pekinense Corynebacterium pelargi Corynebacterium phocae Corynebacterium phoceense Corynebacterium pilbarense Corynebacterium pilosum Corynebacterium pollutisoli Corynebacterium propinquum Corynebacterium provencense Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum Corynebacterium pseudogenitalium Corynebacterium pseudopelargi Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens Corynebacterium renale Corynebacterium resistens Corynebacterium riegelii Corynebacterium segmentosum Corynebacterium simulans Corynebacterium singulare Corynebacterium sphenisci Corynebacterium spheniscorum Corynebacterium sputi Corynebacterium stationis Corynebacterium striatum Corynebacterium suicordis Corynebacterium sundsvallense Corynebacterium tapiri Corynebacterium terpenotabidum Corynebacterium testudinoris Corynebacterium thermoaminogenes Corynebacterium thomssenii Corynebacterium timonense Corynebacterium trachiae Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum Corynebacterium tuscaniense Corynebacterium ulcerans Corynebacterium ulceribovis Corynebacterium urealyticum Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans Corynebacterium urinapleomorphum Corynebacterium uropygiale Corynebacterium uterequi Corynebacterium variabile Corynebacterium vitaeruminis Corynebacterium xerosis

Doğada hayvanların mikrobiyotasında (insan mikrobiyotası da dahil) yaygın olarak dağılırlar ve çoğunlukla zararsızdırlar, yaygın olarak konakçıları ile kommensal ilişkilerde bulunurlar. Bazıları, C. glutamicum gibi, endüstriyel ortamlarda yararlıdır. Diğerleri ise, C. diphtheriae' nin difteriye sebep olduğu gibi insan hastalıklarına neden olabilir. Çeşitli mikrobiyota türlerinde olduğu gibi (Arcanobacterium ve Trueperella cinsindeki kuzenleri de dahil olmak üzere), bunlar genellikle patojen değildir, ancak zaman zaman fırsatçı olarak dokulara atipik erişimden (yaralar yoluyla) veya zayıflamış konukçu savunma sistemlerinden yararlanabilirler .

Taksonomi

Corynebacterium cinsi, 1896'da Lehmann ve Neumann tarafından difteri oluşumuna neden olan bakteri çubuklarını içeren bir taksonomik grup olarak yaratılmıştır vemorfolojik özelliklerine göre tanımlandı.

Türler

• Corynebacterium efficiens

Corynebacteria türlerinin çoğu lipofilik değildir.

Lipofilik olmayanlar

Lipofilik olmayan bakteriler fermentatif ve fermentatif olmayan olarak sınıflandırılabilir:

• Fermentatif corynebacteria türleri
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae grubu
  • Corynebacterium xerosis ve Corynebacterium striatum
  • Corynebacterium minutissimum
  • Corynebacterium amycolatum
  • Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum
  • Corynebacterium argentoratense
  • Corynebacterium matruchotii
  • Corynebacterium glutamicum
  • Corynebacterium sp.[1]
• Fermentatif olmayan corynebacteria türleri
  • Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. afermentans
  • Corynebacterium auris
  • Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum
  • Corynebacterium propinquum[1]

Lipofilikler

• Corynebacterium uropygiale[2]
• Corynebacterium jeikeium
• Corynebacterium urealyticum
• Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. lipophilum
• Corynebacterium accolens
• Corynebacterium macginleyi
• CDC coryneform groups F-1 and G
• Corynebacterium bovis[1]

Mikolik asit içermeyen yeni corynebacteria türleri

• Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii[3]

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

• Burkovski, Andreas, (Ed.) (2008). Corynebacteria: Genomics and Molecular Biology. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-30-1. 17 Eylül 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 14 Kasım 2019.
• Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th bas.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-8385-8529-0.
• Database of Corynebacterial Transcription Factors and Regulatory Networks
• Rollins, David M. University of Maryland: Pathogentic Microbiology: Corynebacterium
• A. Khamis, D. Raoult, B. La Scola. 2004. rpoB gene sequencing for identification of Corynebacterium species. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 42(9):3925–3931.
• A. Poetsch, U. Haußmann, A. Burkovski. 2011. Proteomics of corynebacteria: From biotechnology workhorses to pathogens. Proteomics 2011(11):3244–3255. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201000786
• D. Goldenberger et al. 2014. Extended characterization of Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens based on clinical strains from Canada and Switzerland. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 52(9), 3180–3183.
• E. Hacker et al. 2015. Colonization of human epithelial cell lines by Corynebacterium ulcerans from human and animal sources. [Internet].  Microbiology (United Kingdom). 161(8):1582–1591. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000121
• K. A. Bernard, C. Munro, D. Wiebe, E. Ongsanso. 2002., Characteristics of rare or recently described Corynebacterium species recovered from human clinical material in Canada. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 40(11):4375–4381.
• M. Bittel, S. Gastiger, B. Amin, J. Hofmann, A. Burkovski. 2018. Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans. Proteomes. 6(2):18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/proteomes6020018
• M. Ventura et al. 2007. Genomics of Actinobacteria: Tracing the Evolutionary History of an Ancient Phylum. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 71(3):495-548.
• N. Hansmeier, T. C. Chao, J. Kalinowski, A. Pühler, A. Tauch. 2006. Mapping and comprehensive analysis of the extracellular and cell surface proteome of the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae. [Internet] Proteomics 2006(6):2465–2476. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200500360
• P. Riegel, R. Ruimy, R. Christen, H. Monteil. 1996. Species identities and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Corynebacteria isolated from various clinical sources. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 15(8), 657–662.
• Riegel P, Ruimy R, Christen R, Monteil H. 1996. Species identities and antimicrobial susceptibilities of corynebacteria isolated from various clinical sources. [Internet] European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. 15(8):657-62. Available from: https://search.proquest.com/docview/78481820?accountid=10355
• V. Carfora et al. 2018. Non-toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans sequence types 325 and 339 isolated from two dogs with ulcerative lesions in Italy. [Internet] Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 30(3):447–450. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1040638718764786
• Y. Nishio et al. 2007. Evolutionary process of amino acid biosynthesis in Corynebacterium at the whole genome level. [Internet]. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21(9):1683–1691. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msh175

Kaynakça

1. Funke, G; von Graevenitz, A; Clarridge Je, 3rd; Bernard, K. A. (1997). "Clinical microbiology of coryneform bacteria". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 10 (1). ss. 125-59. doi:10.1128/CMR.10.1.125. PMC 172946 $2. PMID 8993861.
3. Collins, M. D.; Falsen, E.; Akervall, E.; Sjoden, B.; Alvarez, A. (1998). "Note: Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii sp. nov., a novel corynebacterium that does not contain mycolic acids". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 48 (4). ss. 1449-54. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-4-1449. PMID 9828448.