Orta Çağ İslam dünyasında astronomi

İslam astronomi, özellikle İslam'ın Altın Çağında (8 ve 15. yüzyıl) sırasında,[1] İslam dünyasında yapılan astronomik gelişmeleri içerir ve çoğunlukla Arapça yazılmıştır. Bu gelişmeler özellikle Uzak Doğu ve Hindistan'da daha sonra Orta Doğu, Orta Asya, Endülüs ve Kuzey Afrika'da gerçekleşti. İslam Astronomisinin Bizans[2][2][2][2][3] ve Avrupa[3][3][3][3][4] astronomisi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmasının yanı sıra, Çin ve Mali astronomisini de büyük ölçüde etkilemiştir.[4][5][6]

İngiltere'nin Cambridge şehrinde bulunan Whipple Müzesinin Bilim tarihi bölümünde tutulan 18. yüzyıldan kalma farsça bir usturlap.

Aldebaran, Altair, ve Deneb gibi gökyüzündeki yıldızların önemli bir kısmı ve Alidade, Azimuth ve Nadir gibi astronomik terimler hala Arapça kelimeler[7][7][7][7][8][8] ile isimlendirilmektedir. Bugün hala literatürün büyük bir kısmı İslami astronomi'den gelmektedir, dünya çapında Astronomiyle ilgili 10.000'den fazla İslami el yazması vardır, fakat bunların çoğu okunmayan ya da kataloğunu hazırlanmayan kayıtlardır. Yine de astronomi alanının içindeki İslami aktivite oldukça doğru bir şekilde betimlenebilir.[9]

Hadi İsfahani'nin bir tanımıyla İran princinden yapılmış tipik küresel form ve Göksel Küre. Dünya işaretleri, rakam ve astrolojik semboller ayrıntılı olarak üzerine kazınmış.

Notlar ve Kaynakça

Notlar

    Alıntılar
    1. Saliba 1994b, ss. 245, 250, 256–257
    2. Joseph Leichter (27 Haziran 2009), The Zij as-Sanjari of Gregory Chioniades, Internet Archive, erişim tarihi: 2 Ekim 2009
    3. Saliba (1999).
    4. van Dalen, Benno (2002), "Islamic Astronomical Tables in China: The Sources for Huihui li", Ansari, S. M. Razaullah (Ed.), History of Oriental Astronomy, Springer Science+Business Media, ss. 19-32, ISBN 1-4020-0657-8
    5. "African Cultural Astronomy By Jarita C. Holbrook, R. Thebe Medupe, Johnson O. Urama". 26 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Eylül 2016.
    6. Medupe, Rodney Thebe; Warner, Brian; Jeppie, Shamil; Sanogo, Salikou; Maiga, Mohammed; Maiga, Ahmed; Dembele, Mamadou; Diakite, Drissa; Tembely, Laya (2008), "The Timbuktu Astronomy Project", African Cultural Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, s. 179, Bibcode:2008ASSP....6..179M, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6639-9_13, ISBN 978-1-4020-6638-2.
    7. Arabic Star Names, Islamic Crescents' Observation Project, 1 Mayıs 2007, 2 Şubat 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi, erişim tarihi: 24 Ocak 2008
    8. Arabic in the sky, www.saudiramcoworld.org, 30 Kasım 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi
    9. Ilyas 1997

    Kaynakça
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    • Iqbal, Muzaffar (2003), "Review: World-Maps for Finding the Direction and Distance to Mecca: Innovation and Tradition in Islamic Science by David A. King", Islam & Science, June 2003
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