Şam hükümdarları listesi

Antik zamanlardan günümüze Şam hükümdarları listesi

Kenan
  • Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC)
  • Biryawaza (14th century BC)

Arami-Damascus
  • Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
  • Tabrimmon
  • Ben-Hadad I (c. 885 BCE-c. 865 BC)
  • Hadadezer (c. 865 BC-c. 842 BC)
  • Hazael (c. 842 BC-c. 804 BC)
  • Ben-Hadad III (c. 796 BC)
  • Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
  • Rezon II (c. 740 BC-732 BC)

Bağımsız olmayan dönem

Dört Halife

Emevîler

Abbâsî emirleri
  • Abdallah ibn Ali (750-754)
  • Salih ibn Ali (754)
  • Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Abbasi(754-764)
  • Al-Fadl ibn Salih (766-775)
  • Ebu Cafer Harun er-Reşid (783-786)
  • Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (791-793)
  • Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
  • Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (794-797)
  • Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
  • Shu'ayb ibn Khazim (803-804)
  • Yahya ibn Mu'adh ibn Muslim (806-808)
  • Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (810-811)
  • Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
  • Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
  • Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
  • Ebu İshak Abbas el-Mutasım Billâh (828-829)
  • al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
  • 'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
  • Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
  • Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
  • Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
  • al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
  • 'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
  • Isa ibn Muhammad al-Nawshari.(c. 866)
  • Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, asi vali (c. 867-870)
  • Amajur al-Turki (870-878)
  • 'Ali ibn Amajur al-Turki (878)
  • Mısır Tolunoğulları'na bağlı (877-896)
  • Tughj ibn Juff (896–905)
  • Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh (905–906)
  • al-Rashidi (928–931)
  • Muhammed bin Toğaç (931–935)
  • Mısır İhşîdîler'e bağlı (935-969), istisnalar:
    • to Ibn Ra'iq (939–942)
    • Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
    • Sayf al-Dawla Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Abu al-Shuja (945'te kısa bir dönem ve 947)

Fâtımî emirleri
  • Abu Ali Ja'far ibn Fallah al-Kutami (970-971)
Karmatîlerin Şam'ı işgali
  • Zalim ibn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
  • Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
  • Rayn al-Mu'izzi (974)
  • Alptekin el-Mûizzi (975-978)
  • Qassam al-Turab (978-983)
Fâtımîlerin Şam'ı geri alması
  • Baltakin al-Turki (983)
  • Bakcur (983-991)
  • Ya'qub al-Siqlabi (991)
  • Mançutekin (993-996)
  • Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
  • Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
  • Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
  • Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000–1002)
  • Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002–1004)
  • Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004–1009)
  • Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010–1011)
  • Badr al-Attar (1011–1012)
  • Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012–1014)
  • Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015–1021)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021–1023)
  • Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023–1024)
  • Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024–1028)
  • Anushtakin ad-Dizbari (1028–1041)
  • Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1041–1048)
  • Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048–1049)
  • Rifq al-Khadim (1049)
  • Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049–1058)
  • Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
  • Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1058–1060)
  • Sebuq Tegin (1060)
  • Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060–1061)
  • Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
  • Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
  • Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061–1063)
  • Bedr el-Cemâli (1063)
  • Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063–1067)
  • Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068–1069)
  • Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069–1071)
  • Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075–1076)

Selçuklu emirleri

Böri emirleri

Zengi atabegleri

Eyyûbî emirleri (bazıları aynı zamanda Mısır Sultanıdır)

Memlûk Devleti naipleri
  • Sanjar as-Salihi (Ağustos 1260–Ekim 1260)[1]
  • Taybars al-Waziri (Ekim 1260–1264)[1]
  • Aqush as-Salihi (1264–)[1]
  • Sunqur al-Ashqar (1275–1280)
  • Lajin al-Ashqar (1280-?)
  • Aqush Bey (yaklaşık 1290s)
  • İzzeddin Aybek (?-1296)
  • Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296–1297)
  • Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297–1312)
  • Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312–1340)
  • Yilbugha an-Nasiri (1340–1350)
  • Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
  • Tash Timur (yaklaşık 1380)
  • Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
  • Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393–1399)
  • Sudun (1399–1400)
  • Timur tarafından işgal edildi (1400–1401)
  • Taghribirdi az-Zahiri (1401-?)
  • Kijmas (yaklaşık 1470'ler)
  • Ghazali Arab (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)
  • Sibai (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)[2]
  • Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516–1517)
  • Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)

Osmanlı valileri
  • Yunus Paşa (yaklaşık 1516)
  • Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)
  • Ayas Mehmed Paşa (1521–1522)
  • Serdar Ferhat Paşa (1522–1523)
  • Hurram Paşa (1523–1525)
  • Sulayman Paşa al-Tawashi (1525–1526)
  • Lütfü Paşa (1526–1528)
  • İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1528–1531)
  • Mustafa Ablak Paşa (1531–1534)
  • Lütfü Paşa (1534–1535)
  • İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1535)
  • Muhammad Kuzal Paşa (1536–1537)
  • Topal Sulayman Paşa (1537–1538)
  • Ahmed Paşa I (1538–1539)
  • Qese Husrau Paşa (1539–1541)
  • Isa Paşa (1541–1543)
  • Piri Paşa (1543–1545)
  • Hadım Sinan Paşa (1545–1550)
  • Piri Paşa (1550–1551)
  • Muhammad Paşa Bartaki (1551–1552)
  • Şemsi Ahmed Paşa (1552–1555)
  • Hizr Paşa (1555–1561)
  • Ali Paşa Lankun (1561–1563)
  • Khusrau Paşa I (1563)
  • Lala Mustafa Paşa (1563–1569)
  • Murad Paşa Shaitan (1569)
  • Ali Paşa Lankun (1569–1570)
  • Haji Ahmed Paşa (1570–1571)
  • Lala Jafar Paşa (1574–1575)
  • Murad Paşa (1575–1577)
  • Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa (1577–1581)
  • Bahram Paşa (1581–1582)
  • Hüseyin Paşa Boljanić (1582–1583)
  • Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa (1583)
  • Qubad Sulayman Paşa (1584)
  • Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa (1585–1586)
  • Üveys Paşa (1586–1587)
  • Muhammad Paşa Farhad (1587–1588)
  • Üveys Paşa (1588–1589)
  • Elwanzade Ali Paşa (1589–1590)
  • Koca Sinan Paşa (1590)
  • Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa (1590–1591)
  • Mustafa Paşa I (1591–1592)
  • Khalil Paşa (1592–1593)
  • Qachirji Mohammad Paşa (1593–1594)
  • Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa (1594)
  • Murad Paşa (1594–1595)
  • Khusrau Paşa II (1595–1596)
  • Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Paşa (1596–1597)
  • Yusuf Sinan Paşa (1597–1598)
  • Ahmed Paşa II (1598)
  • Ahmed Paşa III (1598)
  • Khusrau Paşa II (1599)
  • Emir Mehmed Paşa (1599–1600)
  • Osman Paşa (1601–1603)
  • Farhad Paşa Bustanji (1603–1604)
  • Mustafa Paşa II (1604–1607)
  • Mahmud Paşa (1607–1608)
  • Sufi Sinan Paşa (1608–1609)
  • Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609–1615)
  • Silihdar Mehmed Paşa (1615–1618)
  • Hafız Ahmed Paşa (1618–1619)
  • Mustafa Paşa III (1619–1620)
  • Süleyman Paşa I (1620–1621)
  • Murtaza Paşa Bustanji (1621–1622)
  • Mehmed Paşa Rushand (1622–1623)
  • Mustafa Paşa al-Hannaq (1623–1624)
  • Nigdeli Mustafa Paşa (1624–1625)
  • Gurju Mehmed Paşa I (1625–1626)
  • Tayar Oğlu Mehmed Paşa (1626–1628)
  • Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1628–1629)
  • Mustafa Paşa IV (1629–1630)
  • Nawaya Mehmed Paşa (1630–1631)
  • İlyas Paşa (1632–1633)
  • Deli Yusuf Paşa (1633–1635)
  • Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1635–1636)
  • Dervish Mehmed Paşa (1636–1638)
  • Mustafa Paşa IV (1638–1639)
  • Chifteli Othman Paşa (1639–1640)
  • Mehmed Paşa I (1640–1641)
  • Serji Ahmed Paşa (1641–1642)
  • Melik Ahmed Paşa (1642–1643)
  • Sultanzade Mehmed Paşa (1643)
  • Silihdar Yusuf Paşa (1643–1644)
  • Gurju Mehmed Paşa II (1644–1645)
  • Ibrahim Paşa I (1645)
  • Mehmed Paşa Salami (1645–1646)
  • Gürcê Mehmed (1646)
  • Silahdar Yusuf Paşa (1646–1647)
  • Sufi Murteza Paşa (1647)
  • Sofu Mehmed Paşa (1648)
  • İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1649)
  • Mehmed Paşa II (1649–1650)
  • Silahdar Murtaza Paşa (1650)
  • Sivaslı Mustafa Paşa (1650)
  • Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1650–1652)
  • Defterzade Mehmed Paşa (1653–1655)
  • Kara Murat Paşa (1655; makamı üstlenmeden önce yolda ölmüştür)
  • Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1656)
  • Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Paşa (1659–1661)
  • Sulayman Paşa II (1661–1663)
  • Ribleli Mustafa Paşa (1663–1665)
  • Salih Paşa I (1665–1666)
  • Qara Mustafa Paşa (1666–1667)
  • Mehmed Paşa Chewish Oglu (1667–1669)
  • Ibrahim Paşa Shaytan (1669–1671)
  • Abazekh Husein Paşa (1671–1672)
  • Qara Mehmed Paşa (1672–1673)
  • Ibrahim Paşa Shushman (1673–1674)
  • Qer Husein Paşa (1674–1675)
  • Ibrahim Paşa II (1675–1676)
  • Bosniak Osman Paşa (1676–1679)
  • Abazekh Husein Paşa (1679–1683)
  • Ibrahim Paşa III (1684)
  • Bosniak Osman Paşa (1684–1685)
  • Kaplan Paşa (1686–1687)
  • Arap Salih Paşa (1687–1688)
  • Hamza Paşa (1688–1689)
  • Bozoklu Mustafa Paşa (1690)
  • Murtaza Paşa (1690–1691)
  • Gürcü Mehmed Paşa III (1691–1692)
  • Çelebi İsmail Paşa (1692–1693)
  • İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1693–1694)
  • Silihdar Osman Paşa (1695–1696)
  • Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Paşa (1696–1697)
  • Ahmad Paşa Hacigirai (1697–1698)
  • Silihdar Husein Paşa (1699)
  • Silihdar Hasan Paşa (1700)
  • Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1701)
  • Salih Agha (1702)
  • Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1702–1703)
  • Osman Paşa Arnavud (1703)
  • Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1703–1704)
  • Defterdar Mustafa Paşa (1704)
  • Firari Hüseyin Paşa (1704–1705)
  • Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1705–1706)
  • Baltacı Süleyman Paşa (1706–1707)
  • Yusuf Paşa Qapudan (1707-1708)
  • Nasuh Paşa al-Aydini (1708–1712)
  • Jarkas Muhammad Paşa (1713-1715)
  • Tubal Yusuf Paşa (1715-1716)
  • Ibrahim Paşa Qapudan (1716)
  • Recep Paşa (1716)
  • Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Paşa (1716–1717)
  • Köprülü Abdullah Paşa (1716–1717)
  • Recep Paşa (1717-1718)
  • Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1719-1721)
  • Ali Paşa Maqtul (1721–1722)
  • Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1723–1725)
  • Ismail Paşa al-Azm (1725–1730)
  • Abdullah Paşa al-Aydinli (1731–1734)
  • Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1734–1738)
  • Husayn Paşa al-Bustanji (1738)
  • Uthman Paşa al-Muhassil (1739–1740)
  • Ali Paşa Abu Qili (1740)
  • Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1741–1743)
  • As'ad Paşa al-Azm (1743–1757)
  • Husayn Paşa ibn Makki (1757)
  • Abdullah Paşa al-Jatahji (1757-1759)
  • Muhammad Paşa al-Shalik (1759–1760)
  • Uthman Paşa al-Kurji (1760–1771)
  • Muhammad Paşa al-Azm (1771–1772)
  • Hafiz Mustafa Paşa Bustanji (1773–1783)
  • Mehmed Paşa al-Kurji (1783)
  • Darwish Paşa al-Kurji (1783–1784)
  • Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1784–1786)
  • Husayn Paşa Battal (1786–1787)
  • Abdi Paşa (1787–1788)
  • Ibrahim Paşa al-Halabi (1788–1789)
  • Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1790–1795)
  • Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1795–1798)
  • Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1798–1799)
  • Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1799–1803)
  • Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1803–1804)
  • Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1804-807)
  • Kunj Yusuf Paşa (1807–1810)
  • Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1810-1812)[3]
  • Silahdar Süleyman Paşa (Şubat 1812–Mayıs 1816)[4]
  • Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1816; vekaleten)
  • Hafiz Amasyali Ali Paşa (1816–Mart 1817)
  • Salih Paşa (Mart 1817–1817)
  • Izmirli Süleyman Paşa (1817–1819)
  • Dervish Mehmed Paşa (1819–1822)
  • Beylanli Mustafa Paşa (June 1822–April 1823)
  • Salih Paşa (April 1823–January 1824)
  • Muftizade Ahmed Paşa (1824–Mayıs 1824)
  • Haci Veliyeddin Paşa (1825–1826)
  • Hakkı İsmail Paşa (Ekim1826–1827)
  • İzmirli Haci Salih Paşa (1827–1828)
  • Mehmed Emin Rauf Paşa (1828–1831)
  • Benderli Mehmed Selim Sırrı Paşa (1831–1832)
  • Mısır'a bağlı, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan özerk
  • İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1840–1841)
  • Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1841–1844)
  • Mehmed Namık Paşa (1845–1846)
  • Rıza Paşa (1845–1846)
  • Musa Sefveti Paşa (1846)
  • Namık Paşa (1848)
  • Mehmed Namık Paşa (1848–1850)
  • Osman Paşa Said Paşa (1850–1852)
  • İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1852)
  • Açaf Paşa (1852–1854)
  • Arif Mehmed Paşa (1854–1855)
  • Mehmed Namık Paşa (1855)
  • Mahmud Nedim Paşa (1855–1857)
  • İzzet Ahmed Paşa (1857)
  • Ali Paşa II (1858)
  • Mu'amer Paşa (1860)
  • Mehmed Fuad Paşa (1860–1861)
  • Ahmed Paşa IV (1861)
  • Emin Muhlis Paşa (1861–1862)
  • Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1862–1864)
  • Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Paşa (1864–1865)
  • Mehmed Raşid Paşa (1865–1871)
  • Subhi Paşa (1871–1873)
  • Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Paşa (1873–1874)
  • Esad Paşa (1874–1875)
  • Ahmed Hamdi Paşa (1875–1876)
  • Ahmed Paşa V (1876–1877)
  • Küçük Ömer Fevzi Paşa (1877–1878)
  • Ali Haydar Midhat Paşa (1878–1879)
  • Hamdi Paşa (1880–1885)
  • Raşid Naşid Paşa (1885–1888)
  • Manastirli Mehmed Nazif Paşa (1888–1889)
  • Mustafa Asim Paşa (1889–1891)
  • Topal Osman Nuri Paşa (1891–1892)
  • Şerif Mehmed Rauf Paşa (1892–1894)
  • Haçi Osman Nuri Paşa (1894–1895)
  • Hasan Paşa II (1896–1897)
  • Nâzım Paşa (1897–1906)
  • Şükrü Paşa (1906–1909)
  • İsmail Fazıl Bey (1909–1911)
  • İsmail Galip Bey (1911–1912)
  • Kazım Paşa (1912–1913)
  • Arif Bey (1913)
  • Mehmed Arif Bey Mardin (1914)
  • Cemal Paşa (1915)
  • Azmi Paşa (1915–1916)
  • Tahsin Bey (1916–1918)
  • Mehmed Gabriel Paşa (1918)
  • Şükrü Paşa (Ekim 1–2, 1918)

Suriye Arap Krallığı

Suriye'nin başkenti
Ana madde: Suriye devlet başkanları listesi

Kaynakça
Özel
  1. Sato, p. 79.
  2. Burns 2007, s. 144.
  3. Sajdi, 2013, p. 98.
  4. Douwes, 2000, p. 58.
Genel
  • Burns, Ross (2007), Damascus: A History, Routledge, ISBN 9781134488490
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